(11) Marketing and selling expenses
Accounting and measurement policies
Marketing and selling expenses
Marketing and selling expenses within logistics costs also include expenses for transportation services performed on behalf of customers. The corresponding income from these services is reported under net sales.
Amortization of the intangible assets under marketing and selling expenses is mainly attributable to customer relationships, licenses and similar rights, brands and trademarks.
Marketing and selling expenses comprised the following items:
€ million |
|
2025 |
|
2024 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Logistics |
|
-1,022 |
|
-1,047 |
||||
Sales force |
|
-1,020 |
|
-963 |
||||
Internal sales services |
|
-1,000 |
|
-989 |
||||
Sales promotion |
|
-556 |
|
-526 |
||||
Amortization of intangible assets1 |
|
-531 |
|
-568 |
||||
Other marketing and selling expenses |
|
-342 |
|
-341 |
||||
Royalty and license expenses |
|
-92 |
|
-102 |
||||
Marketing and selling expenses |
|
-4,562 |
|
-4,536 |
||||
|
||||||||
Higher expenses, especially in the field, resulted in part from the integration of SpringWorks Therapeutics, Inc., United States, which was acquired on July 1, 2025, as well as from restructuring programs in the Healthcare business sector. Of the royalty and license expenses, € 52 million (2024: € 52 million) related to the commercialization of Erbitux®.